The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite index that combines which three dimensions into a score from 0 to 1?

• A. Life expectancy
• B. Life expectancy, education, and GNI per capita (PPP)
• C. GNI per capita (PPP)
• D. Education index

Answer: (B)

HDI measures development by looking at three aspects of human well-being, not just money. It combines: a long and healthy life (life expectancy at birth), knowledge (an education component built from mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling), and a decent standard of living (GNI per capita in PPP terms). These three dimensions are normalized and then aggregated into a single score from 0 to 1, so a country rises or falls based on all three areas, not just one. The best answer is the one that lists life expectancy, education, and GNI per capita (PPP) because it reflects these three interconnected areas. Choices that focus on only one indicator—like life expectancy alone or GNI per capita alone—or on only the education bit miss important parts of what HDI captures.